Thinning and Gap Harvest Effects on Soil, Tree and Stand Characteristics in Hybrid Poplar Bioenergy Buffers on Farmland
Fortier, J., B. Truax, D. Gagnon, Daniel and F. Lambert. 2022.
Abstract
Linear bioenergy buffers planted with fast-growing trees along field edges are increasingly
used to address challenges related to sustainable biomass production, climate change mitigation
(i.e., carbon storage and microclimate regulation), water quality protection, and forest habitat connectivity in agricultural landscapes. This study assessed: (1) the extent to which 15 m wide hybrid poplar
bioenergy buffers (1666 stems/ha) with closed canopy responded to thinning (diamond pattern of
tree removal); (2) the regrowth of poplars from cut stumps following gap harvesting; (3) the effects
of harvesting treatments on soil microclimate and nutrient availability; and (4) the spatiotemporal
pattern of tree growth in unthinned plots. After three post-thinning years, results showed a strong
growth response of seven-year-old hybrid poplar trees to thinning (12% increase in diameter and
30% increase in individual stem volume), accompanied by a slight decline in stand productivity.
Gap harvesting was not an effective treatment to regenerate the stand from shoots growing from cut
stumps because of the high deer browsing. Overall, thinning had marginal effects on soil nutrients
and microclimate, compared with gap harvesting, which increased soil temperature, soil moisture,
and the availability of several macro and micronutrients. However, harvest effects on soil nutrients
were mostly observed during the first postharvest year, with the exception of soil nitrate, which was
lowest in the gap treatment during the second postharvest year. Finally, the spatial pattern observed
in tree growth between the buffer rows suggests that other more operational thinning patterns (row
or corridor thinning) need to be evaluated in linear buffer
Key Words
Populus; agroforestry; biomass; stand productivity; nutrient availability; soil nitrate; soil moisture; soil temperature; stump sprouting; deer browsing
